Bloodless sowing of alfalfa in April on sod-podzolic soil of the central part of the Republic of Belarus provided higher field germination compared to the summer sowing period. Weight 1 plant at the end of the growing season when sowing in April was 32,3–62,1 % more than when sowing in June, July or August. On average, for 4 years, the yield of dry mass of alfalfa during sowing in April was the maximum, and the yield of crops in August was not inferior to the July crops. The increase in alfalfa seeding rates from 4,5 to 10,5 million seeds per hectare in an average of four years did not affect the yield of grass stands.

The results of alfalfa seeds seeding rate doing the treatment with the nitrogen fixing nodule bacteria Rhizobium meliloti are shown in the article. The data on field germination, safety, wintering, as well as green mass yield and dry matter, depending on the studied factors are presented in the article.
Alfalfa seeds sowing rates to create the optimum plant density, necessary to create the optimum plant density, necessary for the formation of high fodder productivity, are determined.

The article presents the results of studies of the effects of various doses of macro-fertilizers, seed treatment with growth regulator, Phytostimofos and Sapronit bacterial preparations and microelements in the cultivation of narrow-leaved lupine on agronomic efficiency and qualitative composition of grain.

The article shows that the reliability of differences assessment between the average indicators of short-term field experiment, carried out according to the results of data processing of the composite dispersion complex using the method of variance analysis or the difference method using the Student’s t-criterion, as well as methods taking into account the magnitude of the least significant difference (LSD) or the experimental error in some years of research, gives the same or similar results, when the nature of the difference between the experimental variants under different weather does not change significantly. Otherwise, the assessment of the reliability of differences by pairwise data comparison of the composite dispersion complex by the Student’s t-criterion is more objective than the assessment by other methods.

Based on polymerase chain reaction and quantitative methods of highly perfective liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and immunoenzyme analysis, it was determined that samples of wet preserved corn grain contained 2 types of Fusarium fungi, as well as set of mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (1,7–1,8 mg/kg). The advantage of the PCR method consists in the accuracy and short terms, and it should be recommended for determining the most common toxicogenic fungi and ectocrines in corn grain in Belarus.

The study of various morphotypes of spring durum wheat for resistance to pathogens of root rot in the conditions of natural and provocative backgrounds, in order to establish physiological mechanisms and genetic sources of resistance for use in breeding for immunity. The samples were ranked according to the types of stability. The correlation of resistance to root rot and indicators of root mesoderm – the volume of the root system (r = –0,73) and the size of the adsorbing surface (–0,63... –0,72) was established. The expediency of using the physiological parameters of the root system as criteria for selection of stable genotypes in selection for immunity is substantiated.

Owing to the results of competitive and post-registration variety trials conducted in 2011–2017 in the variety testing organizations situated in different soil climatic zones of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, it’s established that the yield potential of sugar beet hybrids of the Belarusian breeding is quite high. Presented are the characteristics of the yield of domestic hybrids compared with the foreign ones.

Expansion of green crops range, including wider introduction of new varieties of lettuce, is an important task. Increased areas under lettuce are caused by indisputable advantages of this crop: high food and ornamental quality. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. сapitata) belongs to the genus Lactuca, aster family (Asteraceae). Lettuce is one of the most early-maturing vegetables. The article presents the comparative evaluation of varieties head lettuce when growing in spring and summer-autumn periods on precocity, yield and quality of the products. Selected forms that are of interest in breeding as source material to obtain new varieties.

The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of graminicides based on haloxyfop–P–methyl, clethodim, and their combinations in potato plantings. The high herbicidal activity of the preparations on the infestation of annual and perennial cereal weeds ensured a statistically significant yield of tubers.

The article presents the results of many years of research on virus resistance of potatoes in the conditions of the southern part of the forest-steppe of Ukraine. A collection of potatoes was developed on the Ustyim research station of plant growing in the amount of 645 varieties. In the Kyiv National Taras Shevchenkо University, in order to identify and study the morphology of viruses, IFA, ZT-PCR, and electron microscopy methods were used. As a result, a working collection of potato varieties was established for resistance to viral diseases, which includes 34 samples from 10 countries of the world. This collection includes sources and donors of virus-susceptibility and is valuable for use in breeding, scientific and educational programs.

Along with high efficacy against the Heracleum sosnowskyi (up to 98–99 %), the results of studies on the effect of the herbicide Magnum, WDG on herbaceous and woody-bush plants are presented. It is determined that, in relation to herbaceous dicotyledonous species, the herbicide Magnum, WDG provides with rather high biological efficiency, however, in natural phytocenoses the inhibition of grasses makes 33–67 %, and over time there is an active plots overgrowing. To control woody-bush vegetation Magnum, WDG kills goat willow, mountain ash, gray alder and aspen for 80–100 %, hanging birch turned out to be the most resistant – up to 10 %.

In the article the results of the herbicide Corleone, EC (dicamba, 420 g/l + Nicosulfuron, 80 g/l) efficiency application for corn protection against annual, perennial grass, annual and some perennial dicotyledonous weeds are shown.

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of fungicides, growth regulators and trace elements for the treatment of vegetative plants of flax on the yield of total and long fiber. Treatments of vegetative flax plants with fungicides help to increase the yield of total and long flax fiber.

The results of studying the efficiency of cultivation of watermelon in unheated film greenhouses are presented. The schemes of planting watermelon plants and rationing of fruits on a plant in protected soil have been determined. Economic efficiency of cultivation of a water-melon in hothouses is given.

The use of complex mineral fertilizers at a dose of N₁₁₈P₁₀₉K₁₇₂ in combination with manure 60 t/ha increased the yield of heads at 4,5 t/ha or 5% compared to the equivalent dose of N₁₅₀P₉₀K₁₈₀ simple mineral fertilizers on a similar background with a yield of 90,9 t/ha. The above doses of simple and complex mineral fertilizers on the background of manure when growing cabbage provide a positive balance of nutrients in sod-podzolic light loamy soil.