In the article the harmonization of three main components relations of the sustainable development of the Republic of Belarus – man, economy and ecology is substantiated.

The analysis of alfalfa varieties introduced in the Republic of Belarus and the dynamics of its acreage. Given the characteristics of the specific characteristics of Medicágo sativa, varia and falcata. Used field experiments in the system of state variety trials and scientific institutions of the NAS of Belarus.

The article presents the results of long-term stationary studies on the comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of intermediate crops for green fodder, the aftereffect of intermediate crops, the way their products are used for green fertilizer, or in the form of a backstage culture on the productivity of crops of various types of crop rotations on anthropogenic transformed peat soils of Polissya.

This article shows the results of three–year research (2011–2013) on seed yield of determinant and indeterminate varieties of peas. Both advantages and disadvantages of determinant varieties are found. The ways of further selection work on the creation of highyielding determinant varieties and the individual elements of their varietal farming techniques are outlined.

Laboratory research has found that polyfunctional watersoluble polymer poly-N,N-dimethyl-3,4-dimethylen-pyrroldine chloride can be classified as practically nontoxic for earthworms as median value of LC₅₀ lethal concentration outweighs 1000,0 mg/kg of soil.

The analysis of efficiency of cultivation of seeds varieties of different maturity groups showed winter wheat on the effect of the studied factors on economic performance. Profitability of elite seeds depended on the varietal characteristics and was 86,07–144,34 %. The cost of 1 ton of seeds production – 2,17–2,84 thousands of hryvnia. The high profitability provided sorts Hordovita, Kraevid, Benefis, Colos of Myronivshchyna, Ekonomka, Statna, Lesnaya pesnya 96,28–141,03 %.
Determined varieties, characterized by resistance to Septoria leaf and the unfavorable effects of biotic and abiotic environmental factors and high performance.

It was established that the seeds of the fraction of 2,2 and >2,2 mm in the Neptune variety (weight of 1000 seeds – 37 g) and the fraction of 2,0 and >2,0 mm of the Parlamentskyy variety (weight of 1000 seeds – 34,8 g) ensured the highest seed yield. When using smaller and larger seeds for sowing the results obtained were ambiguous. The influence of the seed fraction factor on the sowing quality of the yield obtained is not established. This indicator is more dependent on the level of nitrogen nutrition of plants and variety.

It is determined that the most threatening to black chokeberry stands in Belarusis Trachycera advenella Zinck., the number of which reaches 16,2 caterpillars per 100 inflorescences at 22,3 % of damaged racemes. The biolog y of development is studied for the first time and the phytophage harmfulness in black chokeberry stands in Belarus is evaluated. It is determined that the phytophage develops in one generation, II and III- instar caterpillars winter which bring the direct damage to the crop damaging the inflorescences. The threshold of the phytophage harmfulness corresponds to 2 caterpillars per 100 racemes.

Under conditions of small-plot and farming trials the biological efficiency of herbicides based on the active ingredient dicamba and sulfonylurea group (Dimet,WGS; Difezan, AS; Cowboy, 40 % w.g.s.; Cowboy super, WGS; Lintur, WDG; Propolol,WDG; Fenizan, AS; Fenfiz, AS; Serto plus, WDG) by autumn and spring application in winter wheat, triticale and rye has been studied.

The evaluation of effectiveness of bulb onion protection technology against noxious organisms with the use of local plant protection products is done under farming conditions. The introduction of the developed technology has allowed to keep 18.0 cwt bulb fly per 1 ha with the yield of 173.0 cwt/ha, net profit has made – 4152.0, profitability –150.0%.

The results of differentiation of the powdery mildew of pumpkin cultures by the morphological features of conidia of the fungus and using PCR diagnostics indicate that the causative agents are: Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. f. cucurbitacearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea Poll. f. cucumidis Jacz. Both fungi affect plants of cucumber, squash, pumpkin, patisson, melon. Plants of watermelon are affected only by fungus E. cichoracearum DC. f. cucurbitacearum.

The effectiveness of methods for protecting table carrots against pests using modern insecticides on the background of pre-seeding seed treatment by polyfunctional disinfectant Selest top, SC has been studied. High biological effectiveness of preparations (Baciturin, l – 71.1 % and Actellic, EC – 92.7 %) in the protection of carrot crops against carrot fly is shown. It is determined that the dominant disease on crop roots damaged by carrot fly is white rot, the incidence of which has fluctuated from 14.2 to 22.1 %, depending on the pest damage point. In the control variant (without signs of damage), this indicator has been minimal – 4.0 %. Yield losses from a complex of diseases after 6 months of storage against a background of damaged root crops by carrot fly have made 31.9–44.1 %.

The effects of combinations of post-emergence herbicides Tabezon + Lemur with plant growth regulators Atonic Plus, Emistim S and microfertilizerNanomix on the weediness, cultivated plants, nitrogen-fixing nodules, yield and quality of soybean seeds, depending on the timing of application, are described.

The influence of the biological preparations Khetomik and Planriz at seed treatment on the development of spring barley plants, their protection against root rot and productivity is studied. It is determined that the use of biological products reduces root rot incidence and development of root rot. At higher rates of Khetomik (1,2 kg/t) and Planriz (2,5 l/t) application, the yield of spring barley is increased for 0,30–0,33 t/ha of grain.

The complex of the main pests of grain sorghum is described, and some mechanisms of stability of modern hybrids to the complex of harmful insect species. The role of modern selection in the immunity of cultivated plants to phytophages in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is determined. Were analyzed the indicators of sorghum resistance to specialized pest species at various stages of plant organogenesis. The peculiarities of trophic connections of the main pests in sorghum crops with the analysis of phytophagous trophic connections in time and space are estimated.

The quality of the cultivated and produced products is always actual. To get a high quality yield, it is necessary to protect grapes against noxious organisms.
The use of herbicides for the purpose of controlling weed vegetation should be economically feasible, justified and not affect the quality. It is determined that the herbicides used against annual and perennial weeds do not render the negative affect on grapes quality and yield.

The article describes the characteristics of apple clonal rootstocks of Belarusian breeding PB-4 and 106-13.
PB-4 is a dwarf rootstock. It provides the apple trees to start fruiting in the second year after planting in a garden. The trees need a support.
106-13 is a semi-dwarf rootstock. The grafted plants start to bear fruit in the third year after planting in a garden. The root system provides the strong support of the trees in the ground, and they don’t need poles.

Morphometric parameters for the phases of growth and development of white cabbage plants are presented in the article. The dose of zinc fertilizers is optimized, which ensures the greatest increase in the yield of cabbage cabbage.