The paper presents the results of comprehensive studies to establish the biological and economic efficiency of the fungicides Pictor, SC and Titul Duo, CSC at different times of their application, as well as depending on the doses of nitrogen fertilizers and sowing dates of spring rape. It was established that their highest biological efficiency of 83.4–88.8 and 76.1–83.4% was ensured due to treating spring rape with the preparations Pictor, SC (0.4 l/ha) and Titul Duo, CSC (0.32 l/ha) at the flowering stage or green pod stage at early sowing dates. The increase in oilseed yield was 1.9–5.0 c/ha or 6.3–16.6% depending on the preparation, the time of its application and the level of nitrogen nutrition.

The paper presents the results of the research on the reaction of hulled and hulless barley to seed treatment. It was established that the highest yield of hulled barley of the Dobry variety (51.1 c/ha) and hulless barley Deva (50.9 c/ha) was obtained when treating seeds with the Insure Perform, SC (0.5 l/t). The yield increase in that case was 6.9 c/ha (15.6%) and 2.9 c/ha (6.0%), respectively. This indicates that the Deva variety is more resistant to a set of seed and soil pathogens than the Dobry variety. The Adamant variety of hulled barley provided the highest yield (45.5 c/ha) when using the Kinto Duo seed treatment, which was 2.2 c/ha (5.1%) higher than the control.

The article analyzes the results of the multi-year research on sylphium productivity depending on the stage of the plant development of the first cutting. Silfium can be cultivated in green conveyor as a productive two-cut fodder crop (610,4 c/ha of green mass, yield of raw material – 96,6 c/ha, crude protein – 9,59 c/ha, ME – 111,4 GJ/ha and CE – 104,0 c/ha). The first cut is made at the stalking-budding stage for green fodder. It can be used as a highly productive single-cut crop (yield of green mass 670,3 c/ha, yield of raw material – 124,0 c/ha, crude protein – 9,92 c, ME – 124,0 GJ/ha, KE – 99,2 c/ha) in the raw material conveyor for silage at the dichasia stage of anthodium flowering.

The impact of the degree of pruning of highbush blueberry plants on productivity was assessed on the basis of the removal of 25 and 50 % of branches from the crown of 20-year-old plants of 4 varieties with different ripening periods. It was established that the more intensive the pruning was, the greater was the number of new shoots. Removing half of the shoots led to the yield reduction in the first year of fruiting by 5–24 % in relation to uncut plants depending on the variety, and the increase in the average berry weight by 18–36 %. In the second and third years of the research, the yield of pruned plants was greater than that of plants without pruning by 38–77 and 2–89 %, respectively. The total yield of plants after pruning over the 3-year research period was 3–36 % higher than that of control plants, and the average fruit weight was 11–28 % higher.

The article analyses millet cultivation in Belarus. One of the reasons for the lack of attention to this issue is the underestimation of millet variety assortment. It is shown that the republic has the capacity to produce cereals (millet) when cultivating Belarusian varieties of this crop, in particular, the Dublon variety that has been bred jointly by the Research and Practical Center of the NAS of Belarus for Arable Farming and Gomel Regional Agricultural Experimental Station of the NAS of Belarus.

The article presents the results of assessing pea varieties on a set of traits in 2023 and 2024. The most productive variety with well-developed seedlings was identified, which reliably surpassed the control variety in terms of specific surface area of the stipule. The length of the main root of pea varieties seedlings correlated positively with the area of the stipule. A significant relationship between the length of the main root of seedlings and the number of seeds per bean (r = 0.82) and an inverse relationship with the number of beans per plant (r = –0.77) was established. A positive correlation of the linear stem density and the leaf index with the number of beans per plant was established.

The Republic of Belarus has 16 biogas plants operating on organic wastes from large livestock farms. As a result of their production activities, two main products are formed – biogas and fermented biomass sludge (digestate). Fermented sludge is a valuable organic fertilizer after appropriate refine (dewatering). In terms of the content of nutrients and their availability for plant nutrition, digestate is not inferior to traditional manure. At the same time, it is lacking in toxic compounds, seeds of weed vegetation, pathogenic microflora and unpleasant smells. Using digestate as fertilizer has undeniable environmental benefits for nearby areas.

The chronology of the research on the protection and immunity of vegetable crops from diseases in the Republic of Belarus for 1950 to the present is presented, as well as the results of the studies on the immunity of vegetable crops from diseases.

The effectiveness of using the growth regulator «Immunakt-GK, WSC» containing β-1,3-glucan and water-soluble polymer (WSP-3) on Torero F1 tomato plants under low-volume hydroponics conditions was studied. It has been shown that «Immunakt-GK, WSC» causes an increase in the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the accumulation of phenolic compounds against the background of stabilization of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and an increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments in tomato leaves, which contributes to an increase in yield by an average of 7.4%. Close correlations have been established between ROS content and carotenoid content, as well as between carotenoid content, ROS and fruit weight.

The paper summarizes the results of the research on the effect of systemic fungicides, the active ingredients of which are represented by chemical classes of triazoles, strobilurins, morpholines, on the yield and quality of flax raw materials, depending on the dates of their application. The biological efficiency of the preparations, the amount of the increase of seed yield, retted stalks, fiber and the effect on physical and mechanical characteristics of beaten fiber and the vegetation period of fiber flax are identified.