The method of creating a new diploid winter rye variety Dziva and the results of state variety testing for 2016–2020 are presented. The variety Dziva is not inferior or up to 9,9 % exceeds the control variety Ophelia in grain productivity in the conditions of the Minsk, Mogilev and Vitebsk regions, in which it has been approved for cultivation since 2021. At the same time, the variety Dziva reliably possesses resistance to pre-harvest grain germination and high baking qualities. In production, a potential yield of 57–63 dt/ha was revealed when the variety Dziva was sown at a forced late date after harvesting corn.

The paper presents the results of the research on the influence of weather conditions during the vegetation period and the level of nitrogen nutrition on the grain yield of the oats varieties Mirt and Freestyle. Crude protein content in grain as well as its yield per hectare was analysed. It was identified that on sod-podzolic sandy soil of the central zone of Belarus a single application of nitrogen N₉₀ or application in a dose of N₆₀₊₃₀ was optimal regardless weather conditions and varietal peculiarities. Nitrogen application in a dose of N₆₀₊₃₀ on average over the research period provided the highest yield (50,6–53,3 dt/ha) of the indicated oats varieties and the yield of crude protein per hectare (7,3–7,5 dt/ha).

On the average the maximal productivity oilseeds winter rape (3,62 t/hectares) is received for three years of researches in the third variant, the increase to the control has made 0,22 t/hectares or 6,5 %. The greatest increase on gathering a crude protein (0,11–0,12 t/hectares) winter rape provided at entering Biostimulator Megafol into a doze of 1,0–1,25 l/hectares in a phase the beginning budding and in a doze of 1,0–1,25 l/hectares in a phase full budding, and on gathering fat (0,04 t/hectares) – at entering into a doze of 0,75 l/hectares in two terms in similar phases.

The results of a comprehensive study of the collection of varieties of Helianthus tuberosus L. are presented. Some flaws of the H. tuberosus, that make the industrial production of H. tuberosus in our republic ineffective without selective elimination, are revealed. The main flaws of the H. tuberosus are: low initial growth rate, huge plant height, extended growing season, poor preservation and non-technological shape of tubers. It is necessary to breed early-maturing lowgrowing varieties with a fast rate of initial growth, with tubes of round shape and developed cork layer for growth of the technological efficiency and productivity of the H. tuberosus tubers. The sources of economically valuable traits for the selective improvement of H. tuberosus varieties are identified.

Entering of microelement complex AgroNAN into a doze of 0,25 l/hectares in a phase the beginning budding and in a doze of 0,25 l/hectares in a phase full budding has ensured the maximal biological productivity of culture of 2,53 t/hectares at following elements of structure of a crop: density of standing of plants to cleaning – 47 pieces/м², quantity of pods on a plant to cleaning – 128 pieces, quantity of seeds in a pod – 14,0 pieces, weight of 1000 seeds – 3,0 g, weight of seeds from one plant – 5,38 g.

The data on the production and sale of pesticides in the world are presented, as proof that people are doomed to use chemical plant protection products (there is no alternative to this yet), the main problem in this area is voiced: the emergence of new superpesticides, and the technology of the XX century passed into the XXI without significant changes.
The problems of technical support of chemical protection works in the Republic of Belarus, which do not allow to fully realize the potential of pesticides, are stated – this is a quantitative and qualitative discrepancy between the fleet of machines and instrumentation with the required volumes of pesticide application. A number of urgent tasks have been formulated, the solution of which will change the situation in the pesticide sector for the better, both from the point of view of ecology and from the point of view of economic efficiency.

In the article the data on evaluation the phytosanitary condition of fodder bean crops in the farms of the Republic of Belarus for the period of 2015–2021 are presented. It is determined that the main crop diseases are alternariosis, fusariosis, chocolate and blackish leaf spot. From pests the most frequently met are nodule weevils and bean aphid.

The article presents the results of the use of the drug Pilobact, both independently and together with humic preparations of Ecogum of different brands in the processing of plants during the growing season, in different phases, in order to increase the yield of flax. The joint use of the drug Ekosil with the Economy of different brands was also studied. It was found that the use of the drug Polybact in the fall increases the yield of flax in relation to the absolute control by 10,5 c/ha or 24,8 %. Microfertilizer Ecogum of different brands provided an increase in the yield to 2,7 c/ha. In the best case, their combined use with the drug Ecosil increased the yield of flax seed relative to the background control to 3,4 c/ha.

The article is an overview of the cultivars of aromatic and medicinal plants created as a result of the researching of RUE “Institute for Vegetable Growing”.

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of protective-stimulating compositions of table beet seeds on germination, yield and marketability of products.