Research results of the study on the effect of weather conditions and basic cultivation technology elements on yield and qualityof malting barley grain  are presented in the article. Comparative evaluation of their share in the formation of the above mentioned parameters was conducted. It was established that when using recommended nitrogen doses, the yield and the quality of malting barley grain were mainly determined by weather conditions during the plant vegetation period and sowing terms.

   Results of researches show that on the background of autumn ploughing or surface disking of the fodder crop rotation including the cultivation of basic and intermediate crops for green forage, provides roughly equal in processing methods degraded peat soils, the average annual output of feed units 11,3–12,1 t/ha with a high content of digestible protein and metabolizable energy. Apply balanced on the removal with the harvest doses of fertilizer ensures an increase their cover compared to the basic fertilizer system by 27 %.

   Use the blind culture of oilseed radish in the form of green manure improves productivity of fodder crop rotation (11,5 t/ha f. u.), in comparison with the basic technology is increasing profits for 163 $/ha and a reduction of cost of goods manufactured on 27 %, minimizes the loss organic matter of the soil.

   Results of the influence between ways of main cultivation on biological activity drained peat soils forest­steppe of Ukraine. It was found that to preserve fertility and prevent degradation of peat­gley soils should be applied plantage plowing to 55 cm and bring organic fertilizer (potassium humate + minerals) for growing winter rye and buckwheat. During these process steps the yield of winter rye was 4,77 and buckwheat 3,13 t/ha. Decomposition linen at plantage plowing was 17 % lower than in the disking at 8–10 cm and 25–27 cm plowing.

   The article reviews the economical efficiency of mineral fertilizers on sod podzol loamy soils with different probability of moving phosphorus in crop rotation link such as barley spring rape oat. The doses of mineral fertilizers providing the reached level of soil quality maintaining (phosphorus), high agronomical efficiency as well as profitability of agricultural crops cultivation have been determined.

   The article presents the results of researches of influence of application of various doses of macrofertilizer, treatment of seeds and crops with the growth regulator Epin and boric acid presowing inoculation of seeds with bacterial preparations Rhizobacterin and Phytostimophos in the cultivation of buckwheat on the plant density in the phase of seedlings and harvesting, agronomic efficiency and quality of the grain.

   The agronomic efficiency of effluent, active sludge waste, growth regulators, Rehoplant and Emistim C present in the article on cultivation of maize on sod­podzolic sandy loam soil.

   Entomoacarocomplex of soybean includes 38 arthropods (Arthropoda) species belonging to 17 families. To the most spread belong: red spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch., pea and bean weevils Sitona lineatus L., S. сrinitus Steph., S. griseus F., painted lady Vanessa (Pyrameis) cardui L. At primordium the first trip innately compound leaf stage the main damage is brought by wintering pea and bean weevil imago, at budding stage the crops are damaged by painted lady caterpillars and imago of a new pea and bean weevils imago generation. Soybean crops colonization by red spider mite takes place at pod formation stage.

   It has been proved that the treatment of root crops with Biopesticide «Betaprotectin», in the production conditions, leads to decrease of clay rot progress by 7,5–16,0 %, depending on the year of research at a biological efficiency level of 14,9–37,0 %. It was revealed that the sugar content of root crops in the variant with the use of biopesticide ranged from 14,55 % to 16,95 %, while in the sample (without treatment) it was 13,80–15,80 %. Net income from the use of the product was 152,0 thousand rubles per 1 ton of stored root crops. Additional income from processing of root crops in 2009–2013 reached 2269,05 million rubles, which amounted to 122,2 thou sand US dollars in terms of the rate of the National Bank of the Republic of Belarus in prices on 01. 01. 2016.

   In 2008–2009 in the Belarusian Polesie conditions there was widespread powdery mildew damage of pea crops. The prevalence of the disease ranged from 8 to 86 %.The appearance and development of the disease is promoted by the alternation of hot weather and a moderate amount of precipitation. With an increase in the level of development of powdery mildew for one point, the weight of 1000 seeds of sowing pea seeds decreases by 7,9 %, the weight of seeds from one plant – by 17,3 %, the field pea – by 6,9 and 11,8 % respectively.

   The article presents the results on the effect of soil acidity on the sizes and shapes of the individual microstructures flax stalk. When cultivating at an elevated level рНКСl – 6,2–6,5 compared with the optimal, A reduction in the area of stem phloem by 31,7–55,5 %, with low correlation to wood bast 0,44. Technical fibers formed by loose fibrous bundles, the total area decreased by 36,5–59,6 %; not similar in size and shape of the filaments with large internal open­ ings, whose number is decreased by the beam 33–34 % and size from 385,1 to 329,6–346,2 mkm2, indicating a low content and quality of flax fiber.

   In the article there are the results of the studies on the application of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators during the cultivation of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the sod­podzolic sandy loamy soil.
   The use of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators of stimulat­ing effect has increased yields of green beans with high commodity output quality (yield of beans 23,83–26,36 tha­1, of crude protein 16,5–16,9 %).
   Foliar treatment of green bean sowings Epin, Rostmoment and Ecosil growth regulators has increased yields of beans in a phase of technological maturity on 1,58–1,81 tha­1 with a total yield of beans amounting to 25,41–25,64 tha­1 and the content of crude protein amounting to 16,6–16,7 %.

   The article describes the results of studies on plant studies of responsiveness iceberg lettuce on the use of different nutrient solution concentrations. Data on yield, nitrogen consumption, phosphorus and potassium for a certain period, the utilization of nutrients.

   Research has been carried out on the effect of planting time on biometric indicators and the yield of onion plants. It was established that the winter sowing period of the plants had a large number of leaves and a lot of bulbs. The winter term for sowing onions provided a higher yield than in the late spring. The greatest losses are noted during the storage of bulbs and the defeat of diseases in the late spring sowing period.

   The article presents the results of 4­year research (2014–2017) on the evaluation of the intensitygrowth of 18 genotypes of sour and sweet cherries, grafted on a dwarf rootstock VSL­2.The studied sourand sweet cherries varieties and hybrids are suitable for high productive orchards. In accordance with the intensity growth, it is recommended to use planting schemes:for a very weakgrowth – 4×1,5 m, for weak growth – 4×1,5–2 m for mid­intensity growth – 4×2–2,5 m.

   The paper presents the results of studies on the phenotypic manifestation imr gene in sunflower. It was established that the maximum resistance of plants to the herbicide appears when the gene is in the homozygous state only. Plants that are heterozygous showed cleavage. Found that homozygous and heterozygous plants for genome stability phenotypically different. This allows the selection of homozygous forms sunflower (high resistance to the herbicide Euro Lightning) in color plant leaf surface. For processing plant herbicide, observed teratogenic changes. They are phenotypic not transmitted
by heredity.