In the article the biological peculiarities and the technology of hybrid rye cultivation in Belarus is stated.

Presented are the results of the three year old research on the impact of foliar feeding of spring wheat with nitrogen fertilizers on the growth and development of plants, protein content in the grain of the Lubava variety according to the ontogenetic stages. Thus, foliar feeding of spring wheat at the stage “Flag-leaf” BBCH 39 (N₁₅) is the most effective technique to increase its yield. The highest protein content in the grain is obtained with the application of N₁₅ and N₂₀ at the grain formation stage BBCH 71. It is 14,4 % and 15,0 % respectively, what is 3,6 % and 7,9 % more than on the control variant.

As a result of the research, it was established that the treatment of sod-podzolic loamy soil with multifunctional watersoluble polymer in doses of 10–1000 mg/kg (0,001–0,1 %) did not affect its agrochemical properties. The use of polymer at a dose of 10 mg/kg increased crop yields by 13,5 and 12,9 % and reduced the transition of cesium-137 from soil to plants by 12,5 and 16,7 %. Treatment of the soil with polymer at doses of 250 and 1000 mg/kg led to the complete suppression of growth processes in the seeds, both in the studied cultures and in weeds.

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of spring durum and soft wheat in the conditions of sod-podzolic sandy loamy soils in the southwestern part of the republic. A comparative characteristic of the dynamics of increasing the leaf surface area of two types of wheat depending on the level of nitrogen nutrition is given.

The article presents the results of studies conducted in 2015, 2017 and 2018 years to study the effect of the effectiveness of foliar application of humic preparations on crops of millet and buckwheat on sod-podzolic sandy loamy cultivated soil in the conditions of the Grodno region.

The cultivation of millet and buckwheat turned out to be the most economically and energetically effective when using the humic preparation Humorost in the phase of tillering of millet and the phase of seedlings of buckwheat: net income per 1 ha, profitability and bioenergy coefficient reached maximum values for millet respectively 56,3 rubles, 20,1 % and 2,1; buckwheat 424,4 rubles, 89,5 % and 2,9.  

By herbicide Venik, WDG application golden rod number has decreased for 86,2–92,0 %, weight – for 88,5–91,4 %, Sosnowskyi’s hogweed – for76,9–88,5 % and 97,0–98,7 %. In two months after the herbicide application a decrease of Convolvulus arvensis, quack grass (Elytrigia repens), common yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.), Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense), germander speedwell (Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.), Canadian fleabane (Erigeron canadensi) number is marked.

The application of herbicide Balerina, SE (2,0–4,0 l/ha) by plant treatment at the height of 20–30 сm decreases hogweed number for 34,1–50,0 %, weight– for 68,3–74,5 % and promotes its seedlings kill for 90,7–96,2 % by number and for 91,9–99,0 % by weight. The herbicide Balerina, SE does not render the phytotoxic action on pasture ryegrass, meadow fescue and red fescue. The above-ground grasses mass increase for 31,8–66,5 % or short-term suppression with the recovery of grassy coenosis takes place.

The results of researches on the evaluation of dequat and glyphosate-containing desiccants in soybean and blue lupine crops are presented in the article. Rather high diquat and glyphosate-containing preparations efficiency both for weed plants drying and seed moisture decrease is determined based on carried out researches. The differences in soybean speed of drying with the help of diquat and glyphosates are noticed. The contact diquat-containing desiccants on the 11-th day after application (under rainy weather conditions) have worked quicker in comparison with the systemic action glyphosate – based preparations. The formation of desiccants assortment in the leguminous wedge crops with different mechanisms of action preparations will allow evenly distributing the load on the combines under production conditions and prevent losses when they are standing.

The article presents the monitoring results of the development of spring barley root rots in the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine during 2017–2018, identified the main causative agents depending on the vegetation phase of the plants (Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem. and fungi of the genus Fusarium). Presented the results of phytopathological examination of grain and determined the degree of infection and the species composition of pathogenic microorganisms. The role of varietal resistance of spring barley and screening of spring barley varieties for resistance to root rots pathogens was studied. The dependence between the effect of infestation of spring barley root rots on the biometric indicators of plants and on the elements of the crop structure was established. The method of regression analysis calculated the regression equations to determine the reduction of these indicators.

The results of the species composition of beet psylla of sugar beet crops in the conditions of the right bank forest-steppe of Ukraine are presented. It was found that the genus Phyllotreta was the most numerous species, the genus Chaetocnema was the most harmful. It is proved that weeds are reserves of harmful insects. The effectiveness of insecticide application for processing of sugar beet seeds against beet psylla is determined. According to research conducted in the field during 2012–2018, the highest death of phytophages was provided by the using Poncho Beta preparation FS, t. c. (clothianidin, 400 g/l + beta-cyfluthrin, 53,5 g/l), resulting the significant economic effect.

The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of microfertilizer “Multi-Flax”, BP. It was found that in comparison with the standard for foliar treatment of flax plants increased: plant survival – by 4,1 %, seed yield – by 1,4 с/ha, the yield of total fiber – by 2,3 с/ha, long – by 1,6 с/ha, fiber quality – by one number.

The article presents the results of research on the biological effectiveness of biological preparations from the Colorado potato beetle (Bitoxibacillin, Baciturin) and late blight (Bactofit, Phytosporin-M) during the cultivation of potatoes by ecological technology, the influence of the growth regulator of the biological nature of ecosil on the leaf surface of plants, as well as a mechanized method of weed control, were carried out and determined vegetation in the plantings of this crop.

The article analyzed the use of various types of substrates and the root formation stimulator in the mother liquor of clone stocks. Describes the most widely used root formation stimulants in modern nursery.

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a perspective plant for industrial and homestead gardening. One of the most harmful diseases of sea buckthorn is wilt. The main pathogens of sea buckthorn wilt are considered to be fungi of genera Verticillium and Fusarium. In Belarus, cultivars Yolochka and Mendeleevskaya were most resistant to this disease, and new cultivar Plamennaya also had high resistance to wilt.

Studies have established a high agroeconomic efficiency of domestic fertilizers for foliar dressings KompleMet CO, Nanoplant and Gumrost in the cultivation of hybrid seeds of white cabbage. Their triple use contributed to an increase in seed yield by 0,9–1,8 centners/ha or 15,5–31,0 %.

The article presents experimental data on yield, marketability, nitrate content and biochemical parameters in watermelon fruits, depending on the action of species and doses of trace elements during root dressing according to the phases of plant growth and development.