The article study how to improve fertilizer system for perennial legume grasses and corn for green mass. It was found that clover of the 1st year of use had weak reaction to fertilizer just on middlephosphorus and middle-potassium soils. At the same time on the area with 11-years old alfalfa these fertilizers enriched productivity by 46–79 %. Economic efficiency of perennial legume grasses is higher compared with corn.

The effect of single and double microgametophyte (pollen) cold resistance screening was investigated on increasing the resistance of F₂ and F₃ populations in Line C-9464 x Line 19/0 and Line B-3-1-8 x Line 19/0 hybrid combinations to low positive temperatures; on developing the sporophyte resistance to fusarium and cladosporium diseases; on the arrangement of gene alleles frequencies that control the resistance to fusarium wilt and cladosporiosis. A positive tendency towards the increased resistance to fusarium wilt and cladosporiosis in tomato is observed under the pollen selection effect for cold resistance. There is an assumption about existence of general resistance mechanisms to abiotic (low temperature) and biotic (fusarium and cladosporium) stressors.

The article presents the results of two year of research of morphobiological and economically valuable traits of domestic and foreign varieties of parthenocarpic cucumber. As sources of morphobiological and economically valuable traits for selection, samples were recommended according to the tendency to parthenocarpy, the color of leaves, the color and fistility of the fetus, the number of ovaries in the node, early ripening, general and early yield. The following samples have the complex of studied features: F₁ Athena, F₁ Delpina, F₁ Courage, F₁ Magdalena, F₁ Pasalimo.

The article presents the results of the morphometric analysis of the seedling root systems of pea (Pisum sativum L.) of the varieties Casablanca, Konto, Iceberg having the mustachioed leaf type. The relationship between length of the spine, lateral root number, lateral rootlets length and seed yield was detected. A direct relationship was found between seed productivity, seed yield and side root length. The revealed correlation can be recommended for effective selection of varieties with high seed yield potential.

The estimation of collection material of yellow lupine on the quantitative characteristics and the varieties, featuring the best combination of elements of seed productivity, are given in the article.
The strong direct correlations between the number of beans and seeds on the central brush and the whole plant, seed weight per plant, number of whorls (r = 0,736–0,955) and the weak reverse correlations between the elements of seed productivity and mass of thousand seeds (r = –0,027– –0,235) are determined.
The coefficients of determination which allow defining the dependence one characteristic of another one are calculated.

The toxic effect of sodium chloride on the callus tissue of camelina sativa was studied. The correlation of survive explants, growth and morphogenetic characteristics of the cell lines between level salinity and varietal features of the culture was identified. The 1,25 % NaCl concentration in the nutrient medium is the best for selection in vitro of salt tolerance genotypes of camelina, wherein the survival level of biomaterials was 2,3–18,2 %. The most salt tolerant were the microkallus of varieties of Stepovyi 1 and Peremoha.
The using of selective culture was selected salt tolerance callus lines of camelina sativa.

Enzyme diagnostics is an important element of ecological soil management for the quantitative estimation of anthropogenic factors (including fertilizers) effect on soil biological status. Main purpose of enzyme diagnostics is the measurement of key hydrolytic and oxidation enzymes activities responsible for humification and mineralization of organic substances, compartment and detection of their imbalance in order to save soil fertility status.

The data on the effect of prolonged exposure to liquid organic fertilizers on the content of heavy metals in sod-podzolic soils and their accumulation in plants, identified priority pollutants (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe). The annual application of these fertilizers in doses of 100– 200 to 900–1000 t/ha increased the concentration of mobile forms of Fe in soils at 16–227 %, Cu – 11–211 %, Zn – 23–379 %, Mn – 42–139 %. In agricultural cultures the accumulation of Fe at doses of 200–300 to 900–1000 t/ha increased by 10–66 %, Cu – in 13–69 %, Zn – 29–113 %, Mn – 18–269 %.

It is shown that the herbicides application containing active ingredients 2,4-D and florasulam Balerina, SE (EHE 2,4-D, 410 g/l + florasulam, 7,4 g/l) CSS «August» Co. production, Russia; Meteor, SE (EHE 2,4-D, 300 g/l + florasulam, 6,25 g/l), OOO «Frandesa» production, Belarus; Prima, SE (EHE 2,4-D, 300 g/l + florasulam, 6,25 g/l) Dow AgroSciences BmbX production, Austria; Primadonna, SE (EHE 2,4-D, 200 g/l + florasulam, 3,7 g/l) SS «Shchelkovo» production, Russia in winter grain crops in Belarus renders rather high biological efficiency against the dominant annual weeds (kill̶ 80–100 %). But it is important to point out that the indicated herbicides are not effective against annual grass weeds, that is why the additional herbicide weeding is necessary or the studied herbicides application in tank mixtures with graminicides.

Сercosporosis (the agent Cercospora beticola Sacc.) is one of the most wide-spread and harmful sugar beet diseases. At high severity, root crop yield and sugar content is significantly decreased, the physiological processes are violated. In the article the research results on studying the biological and economic fungicide Eminent 125 ME (tetrokonazole, 125 g/l) efficiency against cercosporosis in sugar beet crops are presented.

In the article the results of studying the biological and economic efficiency of three-component systemic herbicide Rider, WDG (etametsulfuron methyl, 750 g/kg + clopyralid, 20 g/kg + picloram, 5 g/kg) on winter rape crops weed infestation decrease by annual dicotyledonous weed plants decrease are presented.

The article presents the results of seed dressers (Inshur Perform; Maxim Star; Certikor and Oplot Trio) biological and economic efficiency study against spring triticale root rot in 2016–2017. Fungicides contributed to the decrease of seed infection with phytopathogenic fungi and to the increase of seed germination. The severity of root rot has been reduced by applying the seed dressers. The efficiency of fungicides have ranged from 33,5 to 84,9 % depending on the plant growth stage and years of study. Applying seed dressers have increased productive tillering of plants, 1000 kernels weight and the preservation of statistically significant grain yield.

In the field, the use of biological preparations Planris BT, vs., and Trichodermine BT, p., as a means of protecting winter wheat plants has been studied. The technical efficiency of the preparation Trichodermine BT, p., as of the years of research for powdery mildew, was 47,4 %, for the dark brown leaf spot – 41,2 %, for septoria leaf – 40,2 %. When applying Planris BT, vs. a slightly lower efficacy of the drug compared with Trichodermine BT, p., which was respectively 42,0 %, 33,1 %, 31,7 %.
It is proved that the use of these drugs on average for years of research in comparison to control contributes to limiting the development of causative agents of powdery mildew by 7,2–8,2 %, dark brown leaf spotting – 4,0–5,0 %, septoria leaf – 4,2–5,4 % and an increase in the yield of winter wheat by 0,17–0,35 t/ha.

A significant influence on agrophages incidence and harmfulness in sugar beet crops render soil- climatic and weather conditions, systems of agriculture, economic activity of a man. For the first time in sugar beet crops Apatele noctuid moth (Agronicta rumicis L.) and orache moth or Fagopurum noctuid moth, noctuids (Trachea atrioplicis L.) are marked, under Brest and Minsk region conditions Chromoderus fasciatus Müll. and Chromoderus declivis Ol. untypical for the given sugar beet planting zones. At the background of leaf apparatus main diseases the attention is paid to bacteriosis. Among weed plants the increase of Abutilon theophrasti Medik. and the appearance in the southern regions of the republic Malva sylvestris L.

The results of studies on the effect of soil acidity levels for admission to plant flax macro and micronutrients. With an increase in the soil rNKSl from 5,2 to 6,6 increased intake of flax plants calcium and magnesium and zinc intake is reduced, copper, manganese, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Violation of plant nutrition causes a decrease in the accumulation of the total fiber stems from 34,6 to 22,2, long fiber from 18,5 to 10,3 %.

The article describes the results of researches on studying of influence of agrotechnical methods on productivity and sowing quality of cabbage hybrid seeds.