Current strategy of field crops breeding in Belarus with priority of a sustainable growth of yield is directed at increasing adaptive resistance capacity of new varieties to biotic and abiotic stresses. Its implementation is based on the use of diverse genepool, modern methods of breeding and creation of the system of adaptive complementary varieties meeting the requirements of production: wide norm of homeostasis, high yield for intensive plant production and for specialized types of products.

As a result of the studies, the advantage of legumes over cereal herbs in the content of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid-detergent (ADF) was established. The delay in harvesting perennial herbs, including alfalfa, affects the quality of the green mass due to excessive accumulation of fiber.

The results of production experiments are presented and the economic efficiency of sunflower cultivation for oilseeds in the Grodno region is determined.

The results of sowing meadow clover (Trifolium pratense) after harvesting winter rye on peat soil are presented. It has been established that in connection with climate change, it became possible to sow meadow clover not under the cover of crops, but after harvesting. The period of plant development from sowing to the appearance of the first true leaf was 19–22 days, the formation of the first internode took place on days 55–56. The average daily increase in the aerial mass of clover was 2,8 mm. Clover yield in the second year of life was 118,3–125,5 c/ha of dry weight. Changes in technological methods are given for later sowing of meadow clover. The results of germination energy and laboratory germination of seeds of Trifolium pratense, T. repens, T. hibridum, Lotus corniculatus, Lathyrus silvestris when they are germinated at low temperatures are presented.

The work presents the results of three years of research (2016–2018) on the cultivation of intermediate crop crops (buckwheat, oilseed radish, white mustard) for green manure during compaction of the crop rotation link in the north eastern part of Belarus on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil. The stocking of green fertilizer provided an average increase in flax seeds of 0,8–1,5, trusts – 3,4–4,5, fiber – 1,0–1,7 с/ha, increasing the flexibility of the fiber by 16–19 %, fineness – by 13–20 %, quality factor of linen yarn – by 7–8 %; profit per hectare of sowing – 811,6–891,5 rubles with a profitability of cultivation of 55–61 %.

The article presents the results of a study of the impact on yield and quality of root crops of beetroot of Belarusian microfertilizers MicroStim, Ecosil growth regulator, Polish microfertilizer Ekolist Bor. It has been established that the use of the micronutrients under study contributes to an increase in the yield of table beet root crops, as well as to the content of dry matter and sugars in them.

The fast solubility of standard forms of mineral fertilizers in water is the main reason for their large losses (up to 40 %) and environmental pollution by nitrogen and potassium. Raising crop yields and product quality up with increasing doses of mineral fertilizers is limited by negative environmental and economic consequences. The use of organic fertilizers in agriculture is also limited by environmental and economic factors as well as raw material resources.

A compromise solution to the problem is proposed by using environmentally compatible long-acting Complex organomineral Granulated Fertilizers (СGF). The advantages of CGF and their application prospects in agriculture of Belarus are considered. A Pilot Plant for the production of СGF with the capacity of 1000 ton of fertilizers per year was created and the СGF state registration tests with vegetable crops and potatoes were completed. It is concluded that in the second half of the 21st century, fertilizers with programmed release of nutrients will gradually become the dominant form.

The article presents data on the dynamics of yield and area of buckwheat sowing in Belarus over the past eight years, the ratio of areas occupied by determinant and indeterminate varieties. The responsiveness of buckwheat plants of the determinant morphotype to the use of mineral fertilizers is shown on the example of a diploid variety of Lacnea.

It is determined that as a result of significant volumes of glyphosate-containing herbicides application after harvesting the precursor, as well as chemical weeding during the growing season, the number of weeds in winter grain crops by harvesting coming continues to decrease close to the threshold values. Under weather conditions with mild winters, as well as in the conditions of minimal soil tillage, in winter grain crops , the weed species diversity is increased, for this, the singleness of occurrence of weeds non-typical for their agrophytocoenoses is seen. Further chemical method improvement is proposed.

The paper presents the results of the research on the evaluation of possible pest risks in cereals cultivation.

The assessment of biological efficiency of insecticides of various chemical nature Movento, SC (spirotetramate, 100 g/l), Plenum, VG (pimetrozin, 500 g/kg), Confidor extra, VG (imidacloprid, 700 g/kg), Actellik, EC (pyrimifos-methyl, 500 g/l) in the control of number of thrips tobacco on the cucumber culture of the protected soil is carried out. The dependence of efficiency of preparations Movento, SC and Plenum, VG on the initial number and growth dynamics of the phytophage population is shown. It is established that the maximum protective efficiency of the preparation Movento, SC at the rates of consumption 1,0 and 1,5 l/ha has made 93,2–98,2 %. The insecticidal activity of the preparation Plenum, VG in the control of thrips tobacco has reached 89,0–100 %. The high protective effect of the preparations Confidor extra, VG and Actellik, EC hasn`t outreached 56,0 % and 71,7 % respectively. It is noted that the maximum protective effect of the studied preparations is achieved under the condition of traetment cucumber plants during the initial pest settlement.

The article presents the results of studying the effectiveness of fungicides in sugar beet crops. It is established that fungicides from the group of benzimidazoles and strobilurins are preferably used at the early stages of development of cercosporosis (up to 5 %), as preventive. Fungicides from the triazole group have a healing effect, so they can be used in later stages of the disease (up to 15 %). When carrying out protective measures, it is more important to observe the processing time than to choose a fungicide. Two-time application of fungi with moderate and strong development of cercosporosis on sugar beet increases the productivity of the crop. With a weak development of the disease, double treatments are not effective.

The article presents the results of the studies on the effect of temporary coverings of crops and seedlings on the temperature rate of air, the sum of active temperatures, the onset and duration of the phases of plant development of varieties of a watermelon early maturity and its hybrid.

The article presents experimental data on yield, marketability, biochemical parameters in the roots of beetroot, depending on the action of the types and doses of trace elements in foliar feeding.

During 2016–2019 on the winter wheat crops in the eastern part of the forest-steppe of Ukraine monitoring of the root rot development was carried out and the species composition of the main pathogens of root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem and fungi from the genus Fusarium) was determined. The role of the precursors (black fallow and peas for grain) in the development of root rot was studied. The results of the research on the sowing terms and varietal resistance of winter wheat to root rots as well as the effect of these indicators on wheat productivity are presented.

The weeds were the most efficiently controlled by Pulsar 40 (0,5 l/ha) + Bazagran (2,5 l/ha) applied during the “5–6 pea leaves” phase (tank mixture) → Lemur (1,5 l/ha) applied at the end of budding. The highest pea yield was achieved, when herbicide Pulsar 40 was applied (1,0 l/ha) during the “2–3 pea leaves” phase, and the highest protein content in seeds – during the “5–6 leaves” phase.